Source: Ch'en 1958

Ch'en, Kenneth. “The Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra and the First Council.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 21 (1958): 128-133.

Assertions

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Ch'en argues that we find citations from the Mahāparnirvāṇa-sūtra 般泥洹經 T6 in Xi Chao's 郗超 (336–377) Feng fa yao 奉法要. Given the fact that Xi Chao died in 377, this means that T6 must date before 377. Ch'en uses this evidence to argue against Tang Yongtong, who argues on the basis of the Sui catalogues that T6 was tranlsated by Guṇabhadra; Han Wei liang Jin Nanbei chao Fojiao shi (602). Ch'en also notes that the ascription to Guṇabhadra was doubted by Zhisheng in KYL.

The citations in question, which feature a measure of paraphrasing and imperfect matching, are:

經云。心作天心作人心作地獄心作畜生。乃至得道者也亦心也, T2102 (LII) 87a13-14 = 心之行無不為，得道者亦心也。心作天，心作人，心作鬼神畜生地獄，皆心所為也, T6 (I) 181a25-27.

泥洹經曰。五道無安唯無為快, T2102 (LII) 88a12-13 = 五道無安，唯泥洹樂, T6 (I) 189b22-23 [however, the phrase 唯無為快 is actually matched at T5 (I) 170c8 --- MR].

泥洹經云。心識靜休則不死不生, T2102 (LII) 88c25-26 = 心識情休，則不死不復生, T6 (I) 181a21.

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129-130

 Ch'en argues that we find citations from the Mahaparnirvana-sutra 般泥洹經 T6 in Xi Chao's 郗超 (336–377) Feng fa yao 奉法要. Given the fact that Xi Chao died in 377, this means that T6 must date before 377. Ch'en uses this evidence to argue against Tang Yongtong, who argues on the basis of the Sui catalogues that T6 was tranlsated by Gunabhadra; Han Wei liang Jin Nanbei chao Fojiao shi (602). Ch'en also notes that the ascription to Gunabhadra was doubted by Zhisheng in KYL. The citations in question, which feature a measure of paraphrasing and imperfect matching, are: 經云。心作天心作人心作地獄心作畜生。乃至得道者也亦心也, T2102 (LII) 87a13-14 = 心之行無不為,得道者亦心也。心作天,心作人,心作鬼神畜生地獄,皆心所為也, T6 (I) 181a25-27. 泥洹經曰。五道無安唯無為快, T2102 (LII) 88a12-13 = 五道無安,唯泥洹樂, T6 (I) 189b22-23 [however, the phrase 唯無為快 is actually matched at T5 (I) 170c8 --- MR]. 泥洹經云。心識靜休則不死不生, T2102 (LII) 88c25-26 = 心識情休,則不死不復生, T6 (I) 181a21. T0006; 般泥洹經