| Identifier | T1238 [T] |
| Title | 阿吒婆𤘽鬼神大將上佛陀羅尼經 [T] |
| Date | 500-550 [Strickmann 2002] |
| Translator 譯 | Anonymous (China), 失譯, 闕譯, 未詳撰者, 未詳作者, 不載譯人 [T] |
There may be translations for this text listed in the Bibliography of Translations from the Chinese Buddhist Canon into Western Languages. If translations are listed, this link will take you directly to them. However, if no translations are listed, the link will lead only to the head of the page.
There are resources for the study of this text in the SAT Daizōkyō Text Dabatase (Saṃgaṇikīkṛtaṃ Taiśotripiṭakaṃ).
| Preferred? | Source | Pertains to | Argument | Details |
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[T] T = CBETA [Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association]. Taishō shinshū daizōkyō 大正新脩大藏經. Edited by Takakusu Junjirō 高楠順次郎 and Watanabe Kaigyoku 渡邊海旭. Tokyo: Taishō shinshū daizōkyō kankōkai/Daizō shuppan, 1924-1932. CBReader v 5.0, 2014. |
Entry author: Michael Radich |
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[Lowe 2014] Lowe, Bryan D. “The Scripture on Saving and Protecting Body and Life: An Introduction and Translation.” Journal of Chinese Buddhist Studies 27 (2014): 1-34. — 16-17 |
Lowe discusses references to copying out the text on "fine paper" 好紙 as a possible sign of Chinese authorship. The only five texts in which this phrase appears, in the translation portion of the canon, are the 阿吒婆拘鬼神大將上佛陀羅尼神呪經 T1237; the 阿吒婆𤘽鬼神大將上佛陀羅尼經 T1238; the 梵天火羅九曜 T1311; the 陀羅尼雜集 T1336; and the 龍樹五明論 T1420. "Each of these hits points to sources that likely originated, at least in part, in China." The passages in question in T1237, T1238 and T1336 are identical, and feature a spell related to the deity Āṭavaka 阿吒婆拘. Āṭavaka is likely of Indic origin, but only found in Chinese texts, "and became particularly important in the sixth century...these spells include some Sinitic elements". T1420 "was composed in China"; Lowe refers to Strickmann (2002): 170, who argued for a date in the sixth century, but also states that Stuart Young argues "convincingly" for a later date in a forthcoming publication (Conceiving the Patriarchs, U. Hawai'i Press). T1311 was compiled by Yixing 一行 [see the note at the head of the text: 一行禪師修述, T1311:21.459b5---MR]. Entry author: Michael Radich |
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[Strickmann 2002] Strickmann, Michel. Chinese Magical Medicine. Edited by Bernard Faure. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2002. — 143-151 |
Strickmann dates T1238 to the first half of the sixth century, but says of the nature of the text only that "a further set of instructions for therapeutic sealing was written down in another proto-Tantric scripture"; he thus seems to suspend judgement about whether the text is a translation from an Indic source, or a Chinese composition. Later, however, he seems to be less certain of the date. "If the text can truly be dated to the first half of the sixth century....Unfortunately, though there seems to be no intrinsic improbability in this early date, the work has not survived in any continental Chinese Buddhist canon. It is known only from Japan (whither it is supposed to have been imported in the ninth century), and the printing on which the current edition is based dates only from 1753" (151). Entry author: Michael Radich |
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