| Identifier | [None] |
| Title | Yong fu ding jing 勇伏定經 [Śūraṃgamasamādhi-sūtra] [Kawano 2006] |
| Date | 291 [Lamotte 2003] |
| Unspecified | Dharmarakṣa 竺法護, 曇摩羅察 [Sakaino 1935] |
| Translator 譯 | Dharmarakṣa 竺法護, 曇摩羅察 [Kawano 2006] |
| Preferred? | Source | Pertains to | Argument | Details |
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No |
[Kawano 2006] Kawano Satoshi 河野訓. Shoki kan'yaku butten no kenkyū: Jiku Hōgo o chūshin to shite 初期漢訳仏典の研究 : 竺法護を中心として. Ise: Kōgakkan Daigaku Shuppanbu, 2006. — Table 6, p. 87 |
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On the basis of a complex examination of the evidence in the catalogues from CSZJJ to KYL (73-92), Kawano arrives at this corpus of 41 texts, which he thinks can most safely be ascribed to Dharmarakṣa and dated, in order to construct a basis for examining Dharmarakṣa's corpus for the development of translation idiom over the course of his career. This note lists that corpus. Kawano arrives at this corpus on the basis of the following criteria: (1) He accepts texts which were probably dated in the original CSZJJ, as represented by the Koryŏ (Kawano shows that the version of CSZJJ received via the Song[-Yuan-Ming] line of transmission includes a large set of problematic additional dates); (2) He accepts texts first dated in Fajing, as long as the date was accepted by Zhisheng in KYL; (3) He rejects texts for which a translation date first appears in LDSBJ; (4) He adds one further text (T810) that can be dated on the basis of a (very early manuscript) colophon. [Note: This list includes four (or five?) lost texts, and a couple of texts ascribed to other translators in the received canon. The number of lost texts is uncertain, because the list includes a 無量壽經, which some modern scholars would be inclined to identify with T360 ascribed to Kang Sengkai 康僧鎧---MR.] Entry author: Michael Radich |
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No |
[Kawano 2006] Kawano Satoshi 河野訓. Shoki kan'yaku butten no kenkyū: Jiku Hōgo o chūshin to shite 初期漢訳仏典の研究 : 竺法護を中心として. Ise: Kōgakkan Daigaku Shuppanbu, 2006. — 87 |
Entry author: Michael Radich |
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No |
[Lamotte 2003] Lamotte, Étienne, tr. Śūraṃgamasamādhisūtra: The Concentration of Heroic Progress – An Early Mahāyāna Buddhist Scripture. translated by Sara Boin-Webb. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2003. — 74-80 |
Lamotte discusses a version of the *Śūraṃgamasamādhi-sūtra with the title Yongfuding jing, two juan 勇伏定經二卷, reportedly translated by Dharmarakṣa on 23 May 291 CE in Chang’an 長安: According to Lamotte, the existence of this translation is fully substantiated by the catalogues. However, Sengyou made a mistake in attributing two translations (rather than one) of the Śgs titled Shoulengyan 首楞嚴 and Yongfuding 勇伏定 to Dharmarakṣa, and this mistake was reproduced in T2145, T2146, T2034, T2151 and T 2153. The error was corrected in T2154. Another possibility is that the Yongfuding 勇伏定 is a corrected title of the Shoulengyan 首楞嚴 by Nie Chengyuan 聶承遠. There was reportedly a commentary on this translation by Bo Yuan 帛遠 [aka Bo Fazu], produced in Chang’an 長安 between 291 and 306 CE. [Note: CSZJJ carries an anonymous preface to a commentary to this version of the text, 首楞嚴三昧經注序第, T2145 (LV) 48c17 ff.; the CSZJJ bio of Bo Yuan/Fazu mentions him preaching on this text, and writing a commentary to it:見祖法師在閻羅王處為王講首楞嚴經, 107c1 .... 又注首楞嚴經, 107c11; Fajing lists the commentary as a separate work, with the ascription to Bo Yuan: 首楞嚴經注解一卷(帛遠), T2146 (LV) 148a17. Lamotte treats this commentary separately, 80-81—MR.] Entry author: Chia-wei Lin |
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[Zürcher 1959/2007] Zürcher, Erik. The Buddhist Conquest of China: The Spread and Adaptation of Buddhism in Early Medieval China. Third Edition. Leiden: Brill, 1959 (2007 reprint). — 343 n. 221 |
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Sengyou's CSZJJ preserves fifteen prefaces, postfaces and colophons to works ascribed to Dharmarakṣa. This entry lists those works; one, the Śūraṃgamasamādhi-sūtra, is no longer extant. [All other things being equal, the external evidence supporting the ascription to Dharmarakṣa for these texts should therefore be stronger than for other texts. I was unable to find the colophon Zürcher points to for T285---MR.] Entry author: Michael Radich |
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No |
[Sakaino 1935] Sakaino Kōyō 境野黄洋. Shina Bukkyō seishi 支那佛教精史. Tokyo: Sakaino Kōyō Hakushi Ikō Kankōkai, 1935. — 166, 169, 195 |
Sengyou records that Dharmarakṣa translated both a Shoulengyan jing 首楞嚴經 and a Yongfu ding jing 勇伏定經 (which should both correspond to the *Śūraṃgama[samādhi]-sūtra, one by transcription, one by translation), but Sakaino stated that it is highly unlikely that Dharmarakṣa translated the same text twice. KYL pointed out this mistake. Sakaino argues that the phrase geng chu Shoulengyan 更出首楞嚴, in the note on the Yongfu ding jing 勇伏定經 reading 安公云更出首楞嚴, should mean that the Yongfu ding jing 勇伏定經 was an alternate translation of the Shouleng yan jing 首楞嚴經 ascribed to *Lokakṣema, not that Dharmarakṣa translated the same text twice. Sakaino conjectures that probably Dharmarakṣa produced his 勇伏定經 because he had a different version of the original 梵本. However, Sakaino admits that his view on this matter is not decisive, since it is still true that Dao’an mentions both titles. Entry author: Atsushi Iseki |
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[Sakaino 1935] Sakaino Kōyō 境野黄洋. Shina Bukkyō seishi 支那佛教精史. Tokyo: Sakaino Kōyō Hakushi Ikō Kankōkai, 1935. — 897-898 |
A Śūraṃgamasamādhi-sūtra 首楞嚴經 in 2 juan was ascribed to Dharmarakṣa. According to Sakaino, Dharmarakṣa translated this scripture twice. The first translation was the Yongfu ding jing 勇伏定經 in 2 juan, recorded as missing. Sakaino quotes a comment from CSZJJ on this text: 安公云更出首楞嚴元康元年四月九日出 T2145 (LV) 9a1. Sakaino also introduces the view of Zhisheng, in KYL, that the Yongfu ding jing and the Shoulengyan jing 首楞嚴經 were actually the same text. However, Sakaino claims that it is not reasonable to reject the existence of two translations as recorded by Dao’an. It could happen, Sakaino adds, that the same person translated one scripture twice, if he obtained a better version of the original after translating the first version. Entry author: Atsushi Iseki |
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