| Identifier | T0582 [T] |
| Title | 佛說孫多耶致經 [T] |
| Date | 後漢 [Hayashiya 1941] |
| Translator 譯 | Zhi Qian 支謙 [T] |
There may be translations for this text listed in the Bibliography of Translations from the Chinese Buddhist Canon into Western Languages. If translations are listed, this link will take you directly to them. However, if no translations are listed, the link will lead only to the head of the page.
There are resources for the study of this text in the SAT Daizōkyō Text Dabatase (Saṃgaṇikīkṛtaṃ Taiśotripiṭakaṃ).
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[T] T = CBETA [Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association]. Taishō shinshū daizōkyō 大正新脩大藏經. Edited by Takakusu Junjirō 高楠順次郎 and Watanabe Kaigyoku 渡邊海旭. Tokyo: Taishō shinshū daizōkyō kankōkai/Daizō shuppan, 1924-1932. CBReader v 5.0, 2014. |
Entry author: Michael Radich |
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[Nattier 2008] Nattier, Jan. A Guide to the Earliest Chinese Buddhist Translations: Texts from the Eastern Han 東漢 and Three Kingdoms 三國 Periods. Bibliotheca Philologica et Philosophica Buddhica X. Tokyo: The International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, Soka University, 2008. |
Nattier does not regard the ascription to Zhi Qian as reliable. Entry author: Michael Radich |
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[Hayashiya 1941] Hayashiya Tomojirō 林屋友次郎. Kyōroku kenkyū 経録研究. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1941. — 837-839 |
A Fanzhi Sunduoyezhi jing 梵志孫陀耶致經 is listed in Sengyou's 僧祐 recompilation of Dao'an's catalogue of anonymous scriptures 新集安公失譯經録 and was extant in the time of Sengyou. There is also a similar title, Yichu Sunduoyezhe 異出孫陀耶致經 in the catalogue of assorted anonymous scriptures 失譯雜經錄, but it was an unseen text and does not appear in later catalogues, so it is safe to set this text aside in discussing the Fanzhi Sunduoyezhi jing 梵志孫陀耶致經. Since Dao'an stated that the Fanzhi Sunduoyezhi jing was from the Madhyamāgama 中阿含, Fajing’s Zhongjing mulu listed it as an alternate translation of the Madhyamāgama 中阿含. However, the content of this text does not exist in the extant Madhyamāgama 中阿含 as we have it today, translated by Saṃghadeva 僧伽提婆. Fajing does not say where in MĀ he found the supposed parallel to the text. Yancong’s Zhongjing mulu and Jingtai 靜泰錄 give the same description as Fajing, and Jingtai states that the text is three sheets 紙 long. We can see therefore that the text was extant down to the time of Jingtai 靜泰錄, while classified as anonymous. However, LDSBJ 三寶記 classified this Fanzhi Sunduoyezhi jing as a translation by Zhi Qian. DZKZM 大周刊定衆經目錄 and then KYL 開元錄 adopted the same ascription. This ascription is groundless and should be rejected. The Fanzhi Sunduoyezhi jing 梵志孫陀耶致經 was extant, and Jingtai, DZKZM and KYL record the length as three sheets 紙. The Sunduoyezhi jing 孫多耶致經 T582 ascribed to Zhi Qian 支謙 has about that length. Hayashiya maintains that this text in Taishō must be the same Fanzhi Sunduoyezhi jing 梵志孫陀耶致經 recorded by Dao’an. Its vocabulary and tone are of the Latter Han 後漢 period, but clearly not that of Zhi Qian. Thus, this text should be classified as an anonymous scripture of the Latter Han 後漢 period. Entry author: Atsushi Iseki |
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[Zürcher 1959/2007] Zürcher, Erik. The Buddhist Conquest of China: The Spread and Adaptation of Buddhism in Early Medieval China. Third Edition. Leiden: Brill, 1959 (2007 reprint). — 50, 336 n. 137 |
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According to Zürcher, Sengyou attributed thirty-six texts to Zhi Qian 支謙, of which twenty-three have survived. This entry lists texts which are ascribed to Zhi Qian in the present Taishō, yet do not appear among Sengyou’s attributions. Entry author: Sophie Florence |
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[Sakaino 1935] Sakaino Kōyō 境野黄洋. Shina Bukkyō seishi 支那佛教精史. Tokyo: Sakaino Kōyō Hakushi Ikō Kankōkai, 1935. — 131-132 |
Sakaino points out that the Suntuoyezhi jing 孫陀耶致經 [T582 ascribed to Zhi Qian] has the term 應儀道 in it, and the Bo chao jing 孛抄經 [cf. 孛經抄 T790, ascribed to Zhi Qian] has the term 見諦溝港 (both of which are unique to Zhi Qian). However, Sakaino is ambiguous about the ascription of T582, since it uses the word Taishan 太山 for hell, which appears often in Dharmarakṣa’s works, e.g., the Shunquan fangbian jing 順權方便經 T565. At one point, Sakaino even states that, since the word Taishan is used in the works like T565, which is established as Dharmarakṣa’s work, it might be an idea to attribute all the scriptures using Taishan 太山 to Dharmarakṣa (which should imply that T582 is Dharmarakṣa’s work, not Zhi Qian’s). Still, Sakaino mentions the possibility that Zhi Qian was the person who first started using the word 太山 (in T582), as he also used Taishan diyu 泰山地獄, the pronunciation of which is similar to 太山, in the Wu mu zi jing 五母子經 T555. In that case, T582 should be unproblematically regarded as Zhi Qian’s work. Entry author: Atsushi Iseki |
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[Sakaino 1935] Sakaino Kōyō 境野黄洋. Shina Bukkyō seishi 支那佛教精史. Tokyo: Sakaino Kōyō Hakushi Ikō Kankōkai, 1935. — 129-135 |
Sakaino lists 29 extant “Hīnayāna” titles ascribed to Zhi Qian in LDSBJ (list on 129-130) [the number seems to be 28, strictly speaking, since, as Sakaino himself states, the last one in his list, the Zhuanji bai yuan jing 撰集百緣經 T200, was listed initially in DTNDL, followed by KYL --- AI]. He judges that there is hardly any doubt that the ten titles ascribed to Zhi Qian already in CSZJJ are truly his work. However, regarding the other 19 [18?] titles, Sakaino points out that all but four [three?] of them were already listed by Dao’an or Sengyou, but under other attributions or associated with other information about provenance (listed below): In Dao'an's catalogue of archaic alternate translations 安公古異經錄 of CSZJJ: 不自守意經 T107 In Dao'an's catalogue of alternate translations from the (Northern) Liang country 安公凉土異經錄: 七知經 T27 In Dao’ans catalogue of anonymous scriptures 安公失譯錄 [By this Sakaino seems to mean 新集安公失譯經錄 --- AI]: 諸法本經 T59 In Sengyou's new catalogue of anonymous scriptures 續失譯錄 [By this Sakaino seems to mean 新集續撰失譯雜經錄 --- AI]: 戒消伏災經 [戒消災經 T1477] According to Sakaino, therefore, only the following titles among the 19 titles might actually be Zhi Qian’s work: 佛開解梵志阿颰經 T20: Entry author: Atsushi Iseki |
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[Anālayo 2011] Anālayo, Bhikkhu. A Comparative Study of the Majjhima-nikāya. Taipei: Dharma Drum Publishing Corp, 2011. 2 vols. — 49 w. n. 113 |
Jan Nattier (acknowledged here from a private communication) identified T582 as a parallel of the Vatthūpama-sutta MN 7. Anālayo renders the title here as "discourse spoken by the Buddha to Sundarika". Entry author: Michael Radich |
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[CSZJJ] Sengyou 僧祐. Chu sanzang ji ji (CSZJJ) 出三藏記集 T2145. |
Hayashiya examines Dao’an’s list of anonymous scriptures, as “recompiled” by Sengyou under the title 新集安公失譯經錄 at CSZJJ T2145 (LV) 16c7-18c2. The Fanzhi Suntuoyezhi jing 梵志孫陀耶致經 is included in the section of the Dao'an/CSZJJ list for texts listed as extant 有; Sengyou adds an interlinear note: 安公云出中阿含; 16c25. Hayashiya also gives, in tabulated form, information about the treatment of the same texts in Fajing T2146, LDSBJ T2034, the KYL T2154, and his own opinion about whether or not the text is extant in T, and if so, where (by vol. and page no.). The above text is identified by Hayashiya with the Sunduoyezhi jing 孫多耶致經T582, attributed in the present canon (T) to Zhi Qian 支謙. Entry author: Merijn ter Haar |
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[Nattier 2023] Nattier, Jan. "The 'Missing Majority': Dao'an's Anonymous Scriptures Revisted." In Chinese Buddhism and the Scholarship of Erik Zürcher, edited by Jonathan Silk and Stefano Zacchetti, 94-140. Leiden: Brill, 2023. — 95 n. 7, 115-116 w. nn. 73-75, |
Nattier argues that a small group of anonymous scriptures, comprising T5, T20, T46, T145, T392, T507, and T582, were probably composed in the South in the third century. Her argument is based upon the presence of some very rare vocabulary/terminology, which otherwise appears (in datable texts) in translations produced in this time and place (T225B, T152), and also on the absence of other, very common terms. Entry author: Michael Radich |
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[Nattier 2023] Nattier, Jan. "The 'Missing Majority': Dao'an's Anonymous Scriptures Revisted." In Chinese Buddhism and the Scholarship of Erik Zürcher, edited by Jonathan Silk and Stefano Zacchetti, 94-140. Leiden: Brill, 2023. — 133-134 |
Nattier shows that the Sunduoyezhi jing 孫多耶致經 T582 is a parallel to the Vatthūpama-sutta MN 7. Entry author: Michael Radich |
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