| Identifier | T0507 [T] |
| Title | 佛說未生冤經 [T] |
| Date | 西晋 [Hayashiya 1941] |
| Translator 譯 | Zhi Qian 支謙 [T] |
There may be translations for this text listed in the Bibliography of Translations from the Chinese Buddhist Canon into Western Languages. If translations are listed, this link will take you directly to them. However, if no translations are listed, the link will lead only to the head of the page.
There are resources for the study of this text in the SAT Daizōkyō Text Dabatase (Saṃgaṇikīkṛtaṃ Taiśotripiṭakaṃ).
| Preferred? | Source | Pertains to | Argument | Details |
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[T] T = CBETA [Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association]. Taishō shinshū daizōkyō 大正新脩大藏經. Edited by Takakusu Junjirō 高楠順次郎 and Watanabe Kaigyoku 渡邊海旭. Tokyo: Taishō shinshū daizōkyō kankōkai/Daizō shuppan, 1924-1932. CBReader v 5.0, 2014. |
Entry author: Michael Radich |
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[Nattier 2008] Nattier, Jan. A Guide to the Earliest Chinese Buddhist Translations: Texts from the Eastern Han 東漢 and Three Kingdoms 三國 Periods. Bibliotheca Philologica et Philosophica Buddhica X. Tokyo: The International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, Soka University, 2008. |
Nattier does not regard the ascription to Zhi Qian as reliable. Entry author: Michael Radich |
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[Hayashiya 1941] Hayashiya Tomojirō 林屋友次郎. Kyōroku kenkyū 経録研究. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1941. — 863-865 |
The Weishengyuan jing 未生怨經 (*Ajātaśatru-sūtra) is listed as extant in Sengyou's recompilation of Dao'an's catalogue of anonymous scriptures 新集安公失譯經録. CSZJJ 出三藏記集 also lists a Weishengwang jing 未生王經 in the recompilation of Dao'an's catalogue of alternate translations from the Liang region 新集安公涼土異經録. Zhisheng 智昇 suspects that the Weishengyuang jing 未生怨經 and the Weishengwang jing 未生王經 are the same text, but Hayashiya thinks that they are different. He provides detailed discussions on this in his separate chapter on the recompilation of Dao'an's catalogue of alternate translations from the Liang region 新集安公涼土異經録 in Hayashiya 1941, the present source. Fajing’s Zhongjing mulu followed Dao'an and classified the Weishengyuan jing 未生怨經 as an anonymous scripture. However, Yancong’s Zhongjing mulu listed the Foshou Weishengyuan jing 佛説未生怨經 in the category of lost texts, separately from the Weishengwang jing 未生怨經. Hayashiya rejects this second entry as an error, caused perhaps by forgetting to delete what was written by mistake in the category of lost texts. Jingtai 靜泰錄 followed Yancong and made two entries for the Weishengyuan jing. He recorded the length of the extant Weishengyuan jing as three sheets 紙. It is clear that there was only one Weishengyuan jing, which was extant and considered as anonymous down to Jingtai’s time. LDSBJ 三寶記 listed this Weishengyuan jing as Zhi Qian's translation, but this ascription is groundless. Moreover, the vocabulary and tone of the Weishengyuan jing 未生寃經 T507 are clearly not that of Zhi Qian. Nonetheless, DZKZM 大周刊定衆經目錄 followed LDSBJ and classified the text as Zhi Qian's translation, although it omitted the non-existent Foshuou Weishengwang jing 佛説未生王經, which had been included in the catalogues since Yancong. KYL 開元錄 also lists the text as Zhi Qian's, and the surviving T507 is recorded as Zhi Qian's in the Taishō following KYL. However, the ascription to Zhi Qian by LDSBJ is clearly wrong. Since the Weishengyuan jing is listed in Sengyou's recompilation of Dao'an's catalogue of anonymous scriptures, the entry on this text should be corrected to show it as an anonymous scripture composed in the W. Jin 西晋 period or earlier. Entry author: Atsushi Iseki |
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[Zürcher 1959/2007] Zürcher, Erik. The Buddhist Conquest of China: The Spread and Adaptation of Buddhism in Early Medieval China. Third Edition. Leiden: Brill, 1959 (2007 reprint). — 50, 336 n. 137 |
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According to Zürcher, Sengyou attributed thirty-six texts to Zhi Qian 支謙, of which twenty-three have survived. This entry lists texts which are ascribed to Zhi Qian in the present Taishō, yet do not appear among Sengyou’s attributions. Entry author: Sophie Florence |
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[Sakaino 1935] Sakaino Kōyō 境野黄洋. Shina Bukkyō seishi 支那佛教精史. Tokyo: Sakaino Kōyō Hakushi Ikō Kankōkai, 1935. — 131 |
Sakaino claims that the Weishengyuan jing 未生怨經 (*Ajātaśatru-sūtra) T507, initially listed in Dao'an's catalogue of Northern Liang scriptures 安公凉土錄 and ascribed to Zhi Qian in LDSBJ, indeed contains some terms that were typically used by Zhi Qian, such as 王舍國雞山 and 如來無所著正眞道最正覺. As for the term 王舍國雞山, Sakaino explains that 王舍國 for 王舍城 and 雞山 for Gṛdhrakūṭa is typically Zhi Qian, while for the same term *Lokakṣema used 王舍城耆闍崛山, and Dharmarakṣa used mostly the same 王舍城耆闍崛山 following *Lokakṣema or occasionally 王舍城靈鷲山. Entry author: Atsushi Iseki |
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[Sakaino 1935] Sakaino Kōyō 境野黄洋. Shina Bukkyō seishi 支那佛教精史. Tokyo: Sakaino Kōyō Hakushi Ikō Kankōkai, 1935. — 129-135 |
Sakaino lists 29 extant “Hīnayāna” titles ascribed to Zhi Qian in LDSBJ (list on 129-130) [the number seems to be 28, strictly speaking, since, as Sakaino himself states, the last one in his list, the Zhuanji bai yuan jing 撰集百緣經 T200, was listed initially in DTNDL, followed by KYL --- AI]. He judges that there is hardly any doubt that the ten titles ascribed to Zhi Qian already in CSZJJ are truly his work. However, regarding the other 19 [18?] titles, Sakaino points out that all but four [three?] of them were already listed by Dao’an or Sengyou, but under other attributions or associated with other information about provenance (listed below): In Dao'an's catalogue of archaic alternate translations 安公古異經錄 of CSZJJ: 不自守意經 T107 In Dao'an's catalogue of alternate translations from the (Northern) Liang country 安公凉土異經錄: 七知經 T27 In Dao’ans catalogue of anonymous scriptures 安公失譯錄 [By this Sakaino seems to mean 新集安公失譯經錄 --- AI]: 諸法本經 T59 In Sengyou's new catalogue of anonymous scriptures 續失譯錄 [By this Sakaino seems to mean 新集續撰失譯雜經錄 --- AI]: 戒消伏災經 [戒消災經 T1477] According to Sakaino, therefore, only the following titles among the 19 titles might actually be Zhi Qian’s work: 佛開解梵志阿颰經 T20: Entry author: Atsushi Iseki |
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[CSZJJ] Sengyou 僧祐. Chu sanzang ji ji (CSZJJ) 出三藏記集 T2145. |
Hayashiya examines Dao’an’s list of anonymous scriptures, as “recompiled” by Sengyou under the title 新集安公失譯經錄 at CSZJJ T2145 (LV) 16c7-18c2. The Weishengyuan jing 未生怨經 is included in the section of the Dao'an/CSZJJ list for texts listed as extant 有; 17c7. Hayashiya gives, in tabulated form, information about the treatment of the same texts in Fajing T2146, LDSBJ T2034, the KYL T2154, and his own opinion about whether or not the text is extant in T, and if so, where (by vol. and page no.). The above text is identified by Hayashiya with the Weishengyuan jing [未生怨 SYMP]未生冤經 T507, attributed in the present canon (T) to Zhi Qian 支謙. Entry author: Merijn ter Haar |
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[Nattier 2023] Nattier, Jan. "The 'Missing Majority': Dao'an's Anonymous Scriptures Revisted." In Chinese Buddhism and the Scholarship of Erik Zürcher, edited by Jonathan Silk and Stefano Zacchetti, 94-140. Leiden: Brill, 2023. — 95 n. 7, 115-116 w. nn. 73-75, |
Nattier argues that a small group of anonymous scriptures, comprising T5, T20, T46, T145, T392, T507, and T582, were probably composed in the South in the third century. Her argument is based upon the presence of some very rare vocabulary/terminology, which otherwise appears (in datable texts) in translations produced in this time and place (T225B, T152), and also on the absence of other, very common terms. Entry author: Michael Radich |
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