Text: T0997; 守護國界主陀羅尼經

No

[T]  T = CBETA [Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association]. Taishō shinshū daizōkyō 大正新脩大藏經. Edited by Takakusu Junjirō 高楠順次郎 and Watanabe Kaigyoku 渡邊海旭. Tokyo: Taishō shinshū daizōkyō kankōkai/Daizō shuppan, 1924-1932. CBReader v 5.0, 2014.

• T0997; 守護國界主陀羅尼經

Entry author: Michael Radich

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• Title: 守護國界主陀羅尼經
• People: Muniśrī, 牟尼室利 (translator 譯); *Prajña, 般若 (translator 譯)
• Identifier: T0997

No

[Tsukinowa 1954]  Tsukinowa Kenryū 月輪 賢隆. “Hannya sanzō no hon’yaku ni taisuru higi 般若三蔵の翻經に対する批議.” IBK 4, no.2 (1954): 434-443. — 434, 443

• T0159; 大乘本生心地觀經
• T0261; 大乘理趣六波羅蜜多經
• T0293; 大方廣佛華嚴經
• T0547; 大花嚴長者問佛那羅延力經
• T0868; 諸佛境界攝真實經
• T0997; 守護國界主陀羅尼經
• T1026; 佛說造塔延命功德經

According to Tsukinowa, it is recorded that Trepiṭaka Prajña/Prajñā 般若三藏 translated nine titles in seventy-five juan scriptures, and also composed a Banre sanzang gu jin fanyi tu ji 般若三藏古今翻譯圖紀 in two juan. However, Tsukinowa states, probably the Gu jin fanyi tu ji 古今翻譯圖紀 was written by somebody else, and Prajña’s true translation work most likely only comprises the version of the “Heart” Sūtra 般若心經 in one juan T253, co-translated with Liyan 利言 and others. Tsukinowa believes that almost all other titles ascribed to Prajñā were his own compositions, because 1) no original texts of his works have been found; 2) no alternate translation have been found in Chinese nor in Tibetan; 3) none of those works are cited in Indian texts; and 4) the contents and style of those works of his are too peculiar to be proper translation (一二七/434). This entry lists all of the extant texts affected by Tsukinowa’s assertion, that is, all texts ascribed to Prajña except T253. See also separate CBC entries for notes on Tsukinowa’s more detailed analysis of some of the individual scriptures on this list.

Entry author: Atsushi Iseki

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• People: *Prajña, 般若 (author)

No

[Tsukinowa 1954]  Tsukinowa Kenryū 月輪 賢隆. “Hannya sanzō no hon’yaku ni taisuru higi 般若三蔵の翻經に対する批議.” IBK 4, no.2 (1954): 434-443. — 438

• T0997; 守護國界主陀羅尼經

Tsukinowa states that the correct date of the Shouhu guojie zhu tuoluoni jing 守護國界主陀羅尼經 (T997) is probably Zhenyuan 貞元 19 (803) as recorded in the Song [gao]seng zhuan 宋僧傳, not Zhenyuan 貞元 6 (790), as recorded in the Zhenyuan catalogue 貞元錄 and other materials (438).

Tsukinowa argues that none of the ten juan of T997 is a true translation on the following grounds:

- Seven of ten juan, from the second half of the dhāraṇī chapter 陀羅尼品 to the end of the “Banre genben shiye zhuangyan” chapter 般若根本事業荘嚴品, have largely the same contents of the Tuoluonizizaiwang pusa pin 陀羅尼自在王菩薩品 of the Mahāsaṃnipāta 大集經 (Tathāgatamahākaruṇā-nirdeśa T397[2]);

- The long series of verses at the end of the ninth chapter 品, as well as the eleventh chapter, 嘱累品, are taken also from the Mahāsaṃnipāta 大集經 T397;

- The first part of the dharaṇī chapter is based on the Zhu xin pin 住心品 of the Mahāvairocana-sūtra 大日經, and on the Huixiang lun jing 廻向輪經 T998;

- The tenth chapter, on Ajātaśatru receiving a prophecy 阿闍世王受記品, is based on the ten dreams 十夢 of King *Kṛkin 訖哩枳王 [reported e.g. in Ch 3 of AKBh --- MR].

- At the end of the tenth chapter the we find an analogy to iron, which when made into a ball, will sink, but will float when made into a bowl (T997 [XIX] 574c15-17). This conceit is well-known and also cited in the Abhidharmakośa

Thus, the ninth chapter, the “Tuoluoni gongde guiyi pin” 陀羅尼功德軌儀品 is the only one left, but Tsukinowa maintains that probably the Shouhu jing fa 守護經法 in this chapter was also compiled by Prajñā himself. (438).

Entry author: Atsushi Iseki

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• People: *Prajña, 般若 (compiler 編集)
• Date: Zhenyuan 貞元 19 (803)

No

[Ōno 1954]  Ōno Hōdō 大野法道. Daijō kai kyō no kenkyū 大乗戒経の研究. Tokyo: Risōsha 理想社, 1954. — 316-317

• T0997; 守護國界主陀羅尼經

Ōno states that roughly the half of the Shouhu guojie zhu tuoluoni jing 守護國界主陀羅尼經 T997 is taken from the Tathāgatamahākaruṇā-nirdeśa 大哀經 T398.

Ōno maintains, citing Ono 小野, that the details of the translation of T997 should be treated as characterised in the original version of the Zhenyuan catalogue 貞元錄 T2156, viz., as translated by *Prajña 般若 and Muniśri 牟尼室利 in Zhenyuan 貞元 16 of the Tang period (800 CE). In the present canon 現藏, however, the Zhenyuan catalogue lists the Xin di guan jing 心地觀經 T159 and T997 together, noting that both were “translated in 貞元 6” (590). Ōno claims that this is an incorrect record added later, as those two entries do not appear in the Shōgozō version 聖語藏本 of T2156. He adds that 貞元 6 is also incorrect as the date of translation of the Xin di guan jing, since that scripture is known to have been translated in Yuanhe 元和 6 (811).

Entry author: Atsushi Iseki

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